================
安装 conda
================
Installing conda
.. tab:: 中文
若要安装 conda，首先需要选择适合你的安装程序。以下是当前最常用的一些安装程序：
.. tab:: 英文
To install conda, you must first pick the right installer for you.
The following are the most popular installers currently available:
.. glossary::
`Miniconda <https://docs.anaconda.com/miniconda/>`__
.. tab:: 中文
Miniconda 是由 Anaconda 提供的一个精简版安装器。如果你希望自己手动安装大部分软件包，推荐使用此安装器。
.. tab:: 英文
Miniconda is a minimal installer provided by Anaconda. Use this installer
if you want to install most packages yourself.
`Anaconda Distribution <https://www.anaconda.com/download>`_
.. tab:: 中文
Anaconda Distribution 是一个功能完整的安装器，附带了一整套用于数据科学的软件包，以及 Anaconda Navigator（一个用于管理 conda 环境的图形界面应用）。
.. tab:: 英文
Anaconda Distribution is a full featured installer that comes with a suite
of packages for data science, as well as Anaconda Navigator, a GUI application
for working with conda environments.
`Miniforge <https://conda-forge.org/download>`_
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Miniforge 是由 conda-forge 社区维护的安装器，预配置为使用 conda-forge 通道。如需了解更多信息，请访问 `conda-forge 官方网站 <https://conda-forge.org>`_。
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Miniforge is an installer maintained by the conda-forge community that comes
preconfigured for use with the conda-forge channel. To learn more about conda-forge,
visit `their website <https://conda-forge.org>`_.
.. _anaconda-tos_notes:
.. tab:: 中文
.. note::
Miniconda 和 Anaconda Distribution 默认配置为使用 `Anaconda
软件源 <https://repo.anaconda.com/>`__，并且从该源安装/使用软件包受 `Anaconda 服务条款
<https://www.anaconda.com/terms-of-service>`__ 的约束，这意味着 *可能* 需要商业付费许可。根据 2024 年 9 月的政策，对于个人用户、高校、以及少于 200 名员工的公司，存在例外情况。
请查阅最新的 `服务条款 <https://www.anaconda.com/terms-of-service>`__ 、Anaconda 关于学术和科研使用条款的更新说明： `Anaconda 的服务条款更新说明（适用于学术和研究用途） <https://www.anaconda.com/blog/update-on-anacondas-terms-of-service-for-academia-and-research>`__ ，以及 `Anaconda 服务条款常见问答
<https://www.anaconda.com/pricing/terms-of-service-faqs>`__ 以获取详细解答。
.. tab:: 英文
.. note::
Miniconda and Anaconda Distribution come preconfigured to use the `Anaconda
Repository <https://repo.anaconda.com/>`__ and installing/using packages
from that repository is governed by the `Anaconda Terms of Service
<https://www.anaconda.com/terms-of-service>`__, which means that it *might*
require a commercial fee license. There are exceptions for individuals,
universities, and companies with fewer than 200 employees (as of September
2024).
Please review the `terms of service <https://www.anaconda.com/terms-of-service>`__, Anaconda's most recent `Update on Anaconda’s Terms of Service for Academia
and Research <https://www.anaconda.com/blog/update-on-anacondas-terms-of-service-for-academia-and-research>`__,
and the `Anaconda Terms of Service FAQ
<https://www.anaconda.com/pricing/terms-of-service-faqs>`__ to answer your questions.
.. _system-reqs:
系统要求
===================
System requirements
.. tab:: 中文
* 支持的操作系统：Windows、macOS 或 Linux
* 对于 Miniconda 或 Miniforge：需要 400 MB 的磁盘空间
* 对于 Anaconda：下载和安装所需至少 3 GB 的磁盘空间
* Windows 系统：Python 3.9 需要 Windows 8.1 或更新版本
.. admonition:: 小贴士
如果你选择安装在用户可写的位置（例如 ``/Users/my-username/conda`` 或 ``C:\Users\my-username\conda``），则无需管理员权限或 root 权限即可安装 conda。
.. tab:: 英文
* A supported operating systems: Windows, macOS, or Linux
* For Miniconda or Miniforge: 400 MB disk space
* For Anaconda: Minimum 3 GB disk space to download and install
* For Windows: Windows 8.1 or newer for Python 3.9
.. admonition:: Tip
You do not need administrative or root permissions to install conda if you select a
user-writable install location (e.g. ``/Users/my-username/conda`` or ``C:\Users\my-username\conda``).
常规安装
====================
Regular installation
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按照您的操作系统的说明进行操作:
* :doc:`Windows <windows>`
* :doc:`macOS <macos>`
* :doc:`Linux <linux>`
.. tab:: 英文
Follow the instructions for your operating system:
* :doc:`Windows <windows>`
* :doc:`macOS <macos>`
* :doc:`Linux <linux>`
静默安装
=========================
Installing in silent mode
.. tab:: 中文
你可以使用 :ref:`静默安装 <silent-mode-glossary>` 方式部署或测试 Miniconda、Anaconda 或 Miniforge，或用于构建服务（如 GitHub Actions）。
请根据操作系统查阅对应的静默模式安装指南：
.. tab:: 英文
You can use :ref:`silent installation <silent-mode-glossary>` of
Miniconda, Anaconda, or Miniforge for deployment or testing or building
services, such as GitHub Actions.
Follow the silent-mode instructions for your operating system:
* :ref:`Windows <install-win-silent>`
* :ref:`macOS <install-macos-silent>`
* :ref:`Linux <install-linux-silent>`
.. _hash-verification:
加密哈希验证
===============================
Cryptographic hash verification
.. tab:: 中文
`Miniconda <https://docs.anaconda.com/miniconda/>`__ 和 `Anaconda Distribution <https://docs.anaconda.com/anaconda/hashes/>`__ 提供 SHA-256 校验和。我们不推荐使用 MD5 校验方式，因为 SHA-256 更安全。
下载安装文件后，在安装前请使用如下方法进行校验：
* Windows：
* 如果你安装了 PowerShell V4 或更高版本：
打开 PowerShell 控制台并运行以下命令进行校验::
Get-FileHash filename -Algorithm SHA256
* 如果未安装 PowerShell V4 或更高版本：
可使用 Microsoft 网站提供的免费 `在线校验工具
<https://gallery.technet.microsoft.com/PowerShell-File-Checksum-e57dcd67>`_。
#. 下载该工具并解压。
#. 打开命令提示符窗口。
#. 切换到包含目标文件的目录。
#. 运行以下命令::
Start-PsFCIV -Path C:\path\to\file.ext -HashAlgorithm SHA256 -Online
* macOS：在 iTerm 或终端中输入 ``shasum -a 256 filename``。
* Linux：在终端中输入 ``sha256sum filename``。
.. tab:: 英文
SHA-256 checksums are available for
`Miniconda <https://docs.anaconda.com/miniconda/>`__ and
`Anaconda Distribution <https://docs.anaconda.com/anaconda/hashes/>`__.
We do not recommend using MD5 verification as SHA-256 is more secure.
Download the installer file and, before installing, verify it as follows:
* Windows:
* If you have PowerShell V4 or later:
Open a PowerShell console and verify the file as follows::
Get-FileHash filename -Algorithm SHA256
* If you don't have PowerShell V4 or later:
Use the free `online verifier tool
<https://gallery.technet.microsoft.com/PowerShell-File-Checksum-e57dcd67>`_
on the Microsoft website.
#. Download the file and extract it.
#. Open a Command Prompt window.
#. Navigate to the file.
#. Run the following command::
Start-PsFCIV -Path C:\path\to\file.ext -HashAlgorithm SHA256 -Online
* macOS: In iTerm or a terminal window enter ``shasum -a 256 filename``.
* Linux: In a terminal window enter ``sha256sum filename``.
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windows
macos
linux
rpm-debian