样式 ====== Styles .. toctree:: :titlesonly: styles style paragraph-style character-style latent-styles .. tab:: 中文 Word 支持“样式”定义，以便轻松一致地将一组格式属性一次性应用于段落、运行、表格或编号方案。该机制类似于层叠样式表 (CSS) 与 HTML 的配合使用方式。 样式在“styles.xml”包部分中定义，并使用“styleId”字符串与段落、运行或表格关联。 .. tab:: 英文 Word supports the definition of `styles` to allow a group of formatting properties to be easily and consistently applied to a paragraph, run, table, or numbering scheme, all at once. The mechanism is similar to how Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) works with HTML. Styles are defined in the ``styles.xml`` package part and are keyed to a paragraph, run, or table using the `styleId` string. 样式视觉行为 --------------------- Style visual behavior .. tab:: 中文 **排序规则** （Sort order） - **内置样式（built-in styles）** 按 `uiPriority` 属性的有效值 排序。 - **自定义样式（custom styles）** 默认没有 `uiPriority` 属性，因此 **其默认值为 0**，通常会 **排在排序顺序的顶部**。 - 具有相同 `uiPriority` 值的样式 **按字母顺序排序**。 如果 为自定义样式定义了 `uiPriority` 属性， - 该样式 会与内置样式按 `uiPriority` 值交错排序。 - `uiPriority` **接受有符号整数**，包括 **负数**。 - **Word UI 不允许输入负数**，但 **可以通过提高内置样式的 `uiPriority` 值** 来调整排序顺序。 **标识规则** （Identification） - **样式的标识方式**：样式 **通过其名称** 进行标识，而**不是** `styleId`。 - `styleId` **仅用于对象（如段落）与样式的内部链接**，可能会被应用程序更改。 - 事实上，Word **每次保存时** 都会 **重新计算 `styleId`，将其转换为样式名称的某种变体**。 **假设（Hypothesis）**： Word **计算 `styleId` 的方式** 是 **去除样式名称中的所有空格**。 **样式列表归类** （List membership） Word 的 **样式面板（styles panel）** 提供了 **四种样式列表**： 1. **推荐样式（Recommended）** - 包含 **所有** `semiHidden == False` 的 **潜在（latent）和已定义（defined）样式**。 2. **正在使用的样式（Styles in Use）** - 包含 **文档中已应用**（因此是已定义的）**且 `semiHidden == False` 的样式**。 3. **当前文档中的样式（In Current Document）** - 包含 当前文档中所有已定义的 `semiHidden == False` 样式。 4. **所有样式（All Styles）** - 包含 **文档中的所有潜在（latent）和已定义（defined）样式**。 **内置样式的定义** （Definition of built-in style） 当 **文档中首次使用某个内置样式** 时： - 其 `locked`、`uiPriority` 和 `qFormat` 属性的值 - 继承自 `latentStyles` 定义（如果 `lsdException` 存在，则继承 `lsdException` 中的值）， - **覆盖** 其 **内置默认值**。 **内置样式的默认属性** - 可以通过 `latentStyles/@count` 设为 `0`，然后在 样式管理器 中查看该样式的默认属性。 - 这些 **可能包含** 默认的 **行为属性** （behavioral properties）。 **异常情况（Anomaly）** - **“无间距”（No Spacing）样式** **不会出现在推荐列表中**， - 即使 **其行为属性** 表明它 **应该出现在该列表**。 - **Google 资料显示**：这可能是 **Word 2003 的遗留样式（legacy style）**。 **Word 内置样式的数量** - Word **共有 267 种内置样式**，列表见： `DocTools 内置样式列表 `__ - **其他来源** 可能认为 **数量为 276**，而不是 267。 **样式在“样式库”中的显示条件** （Appearance in the Style Gallery） 一个样式 **会显示在“样式库”（Style Gallery）中**，如果： - `semiHidden == False` - `qFormat == True` .. tab:: 英文 * **Sort order.** Built-in styles appear in order of the effective value of their `uiPriority` attribute. By default, a custom style will not receive a `uiPriority` attribute, causing its effective value to default to 0. This will generlly place custom styles at the top of the sort order. A set of styles having the same `uiPriority` value will be sub-sorted in alphabetical order. If a `uiPriority` attribute is defined for a custom style, that style is interleaved with the built-in styles, according to their `uiPriority` value. The `uiPriority` attribute takes a signed integer, and accepts negative numbers. Note that Word does not allow the use of negative integers via its UI; rather it allows the `uiPriority` number of built-in types to be increased to produce the desired sorting behavior. * **Identification.** A style is identified by its name, not its styleId attribute. The styleId is used only for internal linking of an object like a paragraph to a style. The styleId may be changed by the application, and in fact is routinely changed by Word on each save to be a transformation of the name. *Hypothesis.* Word calculates the `styleId` by removing all spaces from the style name. * **List membership.** There are four style list options in the styles panel: + *Recommended.* The recommended list contains all latent and defined styles that have `semiHidden` == |False|. + *Styles in Use.* The styles-in-use list contains all styles that have been applied to content in the document (implying they are defined) that also have `semiHidden` == |False|. + *In Current Document.* The in-current-document list contains all defined styles in the document having `semiHidden` == |False|. + *All Styles.* The all-styles list contains all latent and defined styles in the document. * **Definition of built-in style.** When a built-in style is added to a document (upon first use), the value of each of the `locked`, `uiPriority` and `qFormat` attributes from its latent style definition (the `latentStyles` attributes overridden by those of any `lsdException` element) is used to override the corresponding value in the inserted style definition from their built-in defaults. * Each built-in style has default attributes that can be revealed by setting the `latentStyles/@count` attribute to 0 and inspecting the style in the style manager. This may include default behavioral properties. * Anomaly. Style "No Spacing" does not appear in the recommended list even though its behavioral attributes indicate it should. (Google indicates it may be a legacy style from Word 2003). * Word has 267 built-in styles, listed here: http://www.thedoctools.com/downloads/DocTools_List_Of_Built-in_Style_English_Danish_German_French.pdf Note that at least one other sources has the number at 276 rather than 267. * **Appearance in the Style Gallery.** A style appears in the style gallery when: `semiHidden` == |False| and `qFormat` == |True| 词汇表 -------- Glossary .. tab:: 中文 内置样式 Word 已知的一组标准样式之一，例如“标题 1”。 无论内置样式是否在样式部分中实际定义，它们都会显示在 Word 的样式面板中。 潜在样式 在特定文档中没有定义的内置样式在该文档中称为 *潜在样式*。 样式定义 样式部分中的 ```` 元素，明确定义样式的属性。 推荐样式列表 从“列表：”下拉框中选择“推荐”时，样式工具箱或面板中显示的样式列表。 .. tab:: 英文 built-in style One of a set of standard styles known to Word, such as "Heading 1". Built-in styles are presented in Word's style panel whether or not they are actually defined in the styles part. latent style A built-in style having no definition in a particular document is known as a *latent style* in that document. style definition A ```` element in the styles part that explicitly defines the attributes of a style. recommended style list A list of styles that appears in the styles toolbox or panel when "Recommended" is selected from the "List:" dropdown box. 单词行为 ------------- Word behavior .. tab:: 中文 如果在样式部分中未定义具有指定样式 ID 的样式，则样式应用无效。 Word 不会为内置样式添加格式定义（ ```` 元素），直到它被使用为止。 一旦出现在样式部分中，如果内置样式定义不再应用于任何内容，Word 就不会删除它。 文档中曾经使用过的每个样式的定义都累积在其 ``styles.xml`` 中。 .. tab:: 英文 If no style having an assigned style id is defined in the styles part, the style application has no effect. Word does not add a formatting definition (```` element) for a built-in style until it is used. Once present in the styles part, Word does not remove a built-in style definition if it is no longer applied to any content. The definition of each of the styles ever used in a document are accumulated in its ``styles.xml``. 相关 MS API *(部分)* -------------------------- Related MS API *(partial)* * Document.Styles * Styles.Add, .Item, .Count, access by name, e.g. Styles("Foobar") * Style.BaseStyle * Style.Builtin * Style.Delete() * Style.Description * Style.Font * Style.Linked * Style.LinkStyle * Style.LinkToListTemplate() * Style.ListLevelNumber * Style.ListTemplate * Style.Locked * Style.NameLocal * Style.NameParagraphStyle * Style.NoSpaceBetweenParagraphsOfSameStyle * Style.ParagraphFormat * Style.Priority * Style.QuickStyle * Style.Shading * Style.Table(Style) * Style.Type * Style.UnhideWhenUsed * Style.Visibility 枚举 ------------ Enumerations * WdBuiltinStyle 示例 XML ----------- Example XML .. highlight:: xml :: 架构摘录 -------------- Schema excerpt ::