使用免费通道#

Using the free channel

free 通道包含了 2017 年 9 月 26 日之前创建的软件包。在 conda 4.7 之前，free 通道是 defaults 通道的一部分。 详见 defaults channel。

移除 free 通道可以减少 conda 的搜索范围，并隐藏旧软件。这些旧软件可能包含不兼容的依赖约束信息。 阅读更多内容请见：我们为何在 conda 4.7 中移除了 free 通道。

如果你仍然需要 free 通道中的内容来重建旧环境，可以按照下方说明重新添加该通道。

在 24.9.0 版本发生变更: restore_free_channel 选项已被标记为即将弃用，将在 conda 25.9.0 中移除。

要达到相同效果，你可以通过常规 condarc 配置将 free 通道添加至 defaults channel。

在类 UNIX 系统上：

default_channels:
    - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main
    - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/free
    - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r

在 Windows 系统上：

default_channels:
    - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main
    - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/free
    - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r
    - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2

注意：free 通道应列在 main 通道之后。

The free channel contains packages created prior to September 26, 2017. Prior to conda 4.7, the free channel was part of the defaults channel. Read more about the defaults channel.

Removing the free channel reduced conda's search space and hid old software. That old software could have incompatible constraint information. Read more about why we made this change.

If you still need the content from the free channel to reproduce old environments, you can re-add the channel following the directions below.

在 24.9.0 版本发生变更: The restore_free_channel option has been marked for pending deprecation with removal in conda 25.9.0.

To achieve the same effect, you may add the free channel to your the defaults channel using the regular condarc configuration.

On UNIX-style systems:

default_channels:
    - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main
    - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/free
    - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r

On Windows:

default_channels:
    - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main
    - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/free
    - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r
    - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2

Note that the free channel is listed after the main channel.

将免费通道添加到默认设置#

Adding the free channel to defaults

如果你希望将 free 通道重新添加到默认通道列表中，可以运行以下命令：

conda config --set restore_free_channel true

通道的顺序很重要。使用上述命令可以确保按正确顺序恢复 free 通道。

If you want to add the free channel back into your default list, use the command:

conda config --set restore_free_channel true

The order of the channels is important. Using the above command will restore the free channel in the correct order.

更改 .condarc#

Changing .condarc

你也可以通过修改 .condarc 文件，手动将 free 通道添加回默认通道。

在 .condarc 文件中的 conda 部分添加如下内容:

restore_free_channel: true

详见 使用 .condarc conda 配置文件。

You can also add the free channel back into your defaults by changing the .condarc file itself.

Add the following to the conda section of your .condarc file:

restore_free_channel: true

Read more about 使用 .condarc conda 配置文件.

包名称变更#

Package name changes

在 free 通道中提供的某些软件包在 main 通道中使用了不同的名称。

free 中的软件包名

main 中的软件包名

dateutil

python-dateutil

gcc

gcc_linux-64 或类似名称

pil

pillow

ipython-notebook

现可通过 notebook 安装；也可以创建元包

Ipython-qtconsole

现可通过 qtconsole 安装；也可以创建元包

beautiful-soup

beautifulsoup4

pydot-ng

pydot

Some packages that are available in the free channel have different names in the main channel.

Package name in free

Package name in main

dateutil

python-dateutil

gcc

gcc_linux-64 and similar

pil

pillow

ipython-notebook

now installable via notebook, a metapackage could be created

Ipython-qtconsole

now installable via qtconsole, a metapackage could be created

beautiful-soup

beautifulsoup4

pydot-ng

pydot

故障排除#

Troubleshooting

你可能会遇到一些错误，例如 UnsatisfiableError 或 PackagesNotFoundError。

以下是一个示例：

$ conda create -n test -c file:///Users/jsmith/anaconda/conda-bld bad_pkg
Collecting package metadata: done
Solving environment: failed

UnsatisfiableError: The following specifications were found to be in conflict:
  - cryptography=2.6.1 -> openssl[version='>=1.1.1b,<1.1.2a']
  - python=3.7.0 -> openssl[version='>=1.0.2o,<1.0.3a']
Use "conda search <package> --info" to see the dependencies for each package.

此类错误可能出现于以下情况：

  • 你尝试安装的软件包仅存在于 free 通道，而不在 main 通道中。

  • 你希望重建的环境基于较旧的环境文件，其中引用了 free 通道中的包，但这些包无法找到。

  • 某些软件包依赖于 free 通道中才能找到的文件。如果这些依赖无法安装，conda 会阻止你安装该软件包。

遇到这些错误时，可以考虑使用在 main 通道中可用的较新版本包。如果确实需要旧版本，可以 将 free 通道添加回默认设置。

You may encounter some errors, such as UnsatisfiableError or a PackagesNotFoundError.

An example of this error is:

$ conda create -n test -c file:///Users/jsmith/anaconda/conda-bld bad_pkg
Collecting package metadata: done
Solving environment: failed

UnsatisfiableError: The following specifications were found to be in conflict:
  - cryptography=2.6.1 -> openssl[version='>=1.1.1b,<1.1.2a']
  - python=3.7.0 -> openssl[version='>=1.0.2o,<1.0.3a']
Use "conda search <package> --info" to see the dependencies for each package.

This can occur if:

  • you’re trying to install a package that is only available in free and not in main.

  • you have older environments in files you want to recreate. If those spec files reference packages that are in free, they will not show up.

  • a package is dependent upon files found only in the free channel. Conda will not let you install the package if it cannot install the dependency, which the package requires to work.

If you encounter these errors, consider using a newer package than the one in free. If you want those older versions, you can add the free channel back into your defaults.