使用 Python 从 PDF 中提取元素

Extract elements from a PDF using Python

中文

高级函数可用于实现常见任务。在本例中，我们可以使用 extract_pages：

from pdfminer.high_level import extract_pages
for page_layout in extract_pages("test.pdf"):
    for element in page_layout:
        print(element)

每个 element 将是一个 LTTextBox, LTFigure, LTLine, LTRect 或一个 LTImage 。其中一些可以进一步迭代，例如迭代 LTTextBox 将得到一个 LTTextLine，而这些又可以迭代得到一个 LTChar。请参阅此处的图表：布局分析算法。

假设我们想提取所有文本。我们可以这样做：

from pdfminer.high_level import extract_pages
from pdfminer.layout import LTTextContainer
for page_layout in extract_pages("test.pdf"):
    for element in page_layout:
        if isinstance(element, LTTextContainer):
            print(element.get_text())

或者，我们可以提取每个字符的字体名称或大小：

from pdfminer.high_level import extract_pages
from pdfminer.layout import LTTextContainer, LTChar
for page_layout in extract_pages("test.pdf"):
    for element in page_layout:
        if isinstance(element, LTTextContainer):
            for text_line in element:
                for character in text_line:
                    if isinstance(character, LTChar):
                        print(character.fontname)
                        print(character.size)

英文

The high level functions can be used to achieve common tasks. In this case, we can use extract_pages:

from pdfminer.high_level import extract_pages
for page_layout in extract_pages("test.pdf"):
    for element in page_layout:
        print(element)

Each element will be an LTTextBox, LTFigure, LTLine, LTRect or an LTImage. Some of these can be iterated further, for example iterating though an LTTextBox will give you an LTTextLine, and these in turn can be iterated through to get an LTChar. See the diagram here: 布局分析算法.

Let’s say we want to extract all of the text. We could do:

from pdfminer.high_level import extract_pages
from pdfminer.layout import LTTextContainer
for page_layout in extract_pages("test.pdf"):
    for element in page_layout:
        if isinstance(element, LTTextContainer):
            print(element.get_text())

Or, we could extract the fontname or size of each individual character:

from pdfminer.high_level import extract_pages
from pdfminer.layout import LTTextContainer, LTChar
for page_layout in extract_pages("test.pdf"):
    for element in page_layout:
        if isinstance(element, LTTextContainer):
            for text_line in element:
                for character in text_line:
                    if isinstance(character, LTChar):
                        print(character.fontname)
                        print(character.size)