图案/Pattern

class svgwrite.pattern.Pattern(insert=None, size=None, inherit=None, **extra)

A pattern is used to fill or stroke an object using a pre-defined graphic object which can be replicated (“tiled”) at fixed intervals in x and y to cover the areas to be painted. Patterns are defined using a pattern element and then referenced by properties fill and stroke on a given graphics element to indicate that the given element shall be filled or stroked with the referenced pattern.

参见

http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG11/pservers.html#PatternElement

方法

Methods

Pattern.__init__(insert=None, size=None, inherit=None, **extra)

参数:

• insert (2-tuple) – base point of the pattern (x, y)

• size (2-tuple) – size of the pattern (width, height)

• inherit – pattern inherits properties from inherit see: xlink:href

Pattern.add()

中文

将元素 添加到模式内容中。

pattern 的内容是相对于一个新的坐标系统的。如果存在 viewBox 属性，则新坐标系统会根据 pattern 元素上的 x、y、width、height 和 patternUnits 属性，通过标准的 viewBox 和 preserveAspectRatio 规则拟合到该区域。如果没有 viewBox 属性，则新坐标系统的原点位于 (x, y)，其中 x 由 pattern 元素上的 x 属性确定，y 由 pattern 元素上的 y 属性确定。如下示例所示:

<pattern x="10" y="10" width="20" height="20">
  <rect x="5" y="5" width="10" height="10"/>
</pattern>

或在 svgwrite 中调用如下:

# dwg 是主 SVG 绘图
pattern = dwg.pattern(insert=(10, 10), size=(20, 20))
pattern.add(dwg.rect(insert=(5, 5), size=(10, 10)))

在这个例子中，矩形的左上角位置距离模式图块的原点右侧 5 个单位，并且向下 5 个单位。

英文

Add element to the pattern content.

The contents of the pattern are relative to a new coordinate system. If there is a viewBox attribute, then the new coordinate system is fitted into the region defined by the x, y, width, height and patternUnits attributes on the pattern element using the standard rules for viewBox and preserveAspectRatio. If there is no viewBox attribute, then the new coordinate system has its origin at (x, y), where x is established by the x attribute on the pattern element, and y is established by the y attribute on the ‘pattern’ element. Thus, in the following example:

<pattern x="10" y="10" width="20" height="20">
  <rect x="5" y="5" width="10" height="10"/>
</pattern>

or as svgwrite calls:

# dwg is the main svg drawing
pattern = dwg.pattern(insert=(10, 10), size=(20, 20))
pattern.add(dwg.rect(insert=(5, 5), size=(10, 10))

the rectangle has its top/left located 5 units to the right and 5 units down from the origin of the pattern tile.

SVG 属性

SVG Attributes

中文

• patternUnits – 'userSpaceOnUse | objectBoundingBox'

  定义 x、y、width 和 height 属性的坐标系统。

  如果 patternUnits= ‘userSpaceOnUse’，x、y、width 和 height 表示在当前用户坐标系统中的值，当前坐标系统是在引用 pattern 元素时存在的（即通过 fill 或 stroke 属性引用 pattern 元素的元素的用户坐标系统），然后应用由 patternTransform 属性指定的变换。

  如果 patternUnits= ‘objectBoundingBox’，则 x、y、width 和 height 属性的用户坐标系统是通过使用应用图案的元素的边界框来建立的（参见对象边界框单位），然后应用由 patternTransform 属性指定的变换。

  默认值为 'objectBoundingBox'。

• patternContentUnits – 'userSpaceOnUse | objectBoundingBox'

  定义 pattern 内容的坐标系统。请注意，如果指定了 viewBox 属性，则此属性无效。

  如果 patternContentUnits= ‘userSpaceOnUse’，pattern 元素内容的用户坐标系统是通过在引用 pattern 元素时采用当前的用户坐标系统建立的（即通过 fill 或 stroke 属性引用 pattern 元素的元素的用户坐标系统），然后应用由 patternTransform 属性指定的变换。

  如果 patternContentUnits= ‘objectBoundingBox’，则 pattern 元素内容的用户坐标系统是通过使用应用图案的元素的边界框来建立的（参见对象边界框单位），然后应用由 patternTransform 属性指定的变换。

  默认值为 'userSpaceOnUse'。

• patternTransform – <transform-list>

  使用 Transform 接口设置变换。

  包含从图案坐标系统到目标坐标系统（即 'userSpaceOnUse' 或 'objectBoundingBox'）的可选附加变换的定义。这允许对图案瓦片进行扭曲等变换。这个附加的变换矩阵是后乘（即插入到之前定义的变换的右侧）任何已经定义的变换，包括将对象边界框单位转换为用户空间所需的隐式变换。

• x – <coordinate> – insert 参数

  x、y、width 和 height 指定了图案瓦片的放置和间距。这些属性表示由 patternUnits 和 patternTransform 属性组合定义的坐标空间中的坐标和值。

  默认值为 '0'。

• y – <coordinate> – center 参数

  见 x。

  默认值为 '0'。

• width – <length> – size 参数

  见 x。

  负值是错误。零值会禁用元素的渲染（即不应用绘制）。

  默认值为 '0'。

• height – <length> – size 参数

  见 x。

  负值是错误。零值会禁用元素的渲染（即不应用绘制）。

  默认值为 '0'。

• xlink:href – string – inherit 参数

  指向当前 SVG 文档片段中另一个 pattern 元素的 URI 引用。任何在引用元素中定义但在当前元素中未定义的属性将由当前元素继承。如果该元素没有子元素，而引用的元素有子元素（可能是由于它自己的 xlink:href 属性），则当前元素继承该引用元素的子元素。继承可以是间接的，甚至可以通过任意级别的 xlink:href 属性间接继承。因此，如果引用的元素由于其自己的 xlink:href 属性继承了属性或子元素，那么当前元素也可以继承这些属性或子元素。

• preserveAspectRatio – '[defer] <align> [<meetOrSlice>]'

  使用 ViewBox 接口设置 viewBox 和 preserveAspectRatio。

英文

• patternUnits – 'userSpaceOnUse | objectBoundingBox'

  Defines the coordinate system for attributes x, y, width and height.

  If patternUnits= 'userSpaceOnUse' , x , y, width and height represent values in the coordinate system that results from taking the current user coordinate system in place at the time when the pattern element is referenced (i.e., the user coordinate system for the element referencing the pattern element via a fill or stroke property) and then applying the transform specified by attribute patternTransform.

  If patternUnits= 'objectBoundingBox' , the user coordinate system for attributes x, y, width and height is established using the bounding box of the element to which the pattern is applied (see Object bounding box units) and then applying the transform specified by attribute patternTransform.

  Default is 'objectBoundingBox'.

• patternContentUnits – 'userSpaceOnUse | objectBoundingBox'

  Defines the coordinate system for the contents of the pattern. Note that this attribute has no effect if attribute viewBox is specified.

  If patternContentUnits= 'userSpaceOnUse' , the user coordinate system for the contents of the pattern element is the coordinate system that results from taking the current user coordinate system in place at the time when the pattern element is referenced (i.e., the user coordinate system for the element referencing the pattern element via a fill or stroke property) and then applying the transform specified by attribute patternTransform.

  If patternContentUnits= 'objectBoundingBox' , the user coordinate system for the contents of the pattern element is established using the bounding box of the element to which the pattern is applied (see Object bounding box units) and then applying the transform specified by attribute patternTransform.

  Default is 'userSpaceOnUse'.

• patternTransform – <transform-list>

  Use the Transform interface to set transformations.

  Contains the definition of an optional additional transformation from the pattern coordinate system onto the target coordinate system (i.e., 'userSpaceOnUse' or 'objectBoundingBox'). This allows for things such as skewing the pattern tiles. This additional transformation matrix is post-multiplied to (i.e., inserted to the right of) any previously defined transformations, including the implicit transformation necessary to convert from object bounding box units to user space.

• x – <coordinate> – insert parameter

  x, y, width and height indicate how the pattern tiles are placed and spaced. These attributes represent coordinates and values in the coordinate space specified by the combination of attributes patternUnits and patternTransform.

  Default is '0'.

• y – <coordinate> – center parameter

  See x.

  Default is '0'.

• width – <length> – size parameter

  See x.

  A negative value is an error. A value of zero disables rendering of the element (i.e., no paint is applied).

  Default is '0'.

• height – <length> – size parameter

  See x.

  A negative value is an error. A value of zero disables rendering of the element (i.e., no paint is applied).

  Default is '0'.

• xlink:href – string – inherit parameter

  A URI reference to a different pattern element within the current SVG document fragment. Any attributes which are defined on the referenced element which are not defined on this element are inherited by this element. If this element has no children, and the referenced element does (possibly due to its own xlink:href attribute), then this element inherits the children from the referenced element. Inheritance can be indirect to an arbitrary level; thus, if the referenced element inherits attributes or children due to its own xlink:href attribute, then the current element can inherit those attributes or children.

• preserveAspectRatio – '[defer] <align> [<meetOrSlice>]'

  Use the ViewBox interface to set viewbox and preserveAspectRatio.