中断¶

Breaks

中文

Word 支持多种中断文档中文本流动的分隔符：

换行符
分页符
列分隔符
节分隔符（新页面、偶数页、奇数页）

此外，可以通过将段落设置为“分页前”来强制分页。

本分析仅限于换行符、分页符和列分隔符。节分隔符使用完全不同的一组元素实现，单独进行说明。

英文

Word supports a variety of breaks that interrupt the flow of text in the document:

line break
page break
column break
section break (new page, even page, odd page)

In addition, a page break can be forced by formatting a paragraph with the "page break before" setting.

This analysis is limited to line, page, and column breaks. A section break is implemented using a completely different set of elements and is covered separately.

候选协议 -- run.add_break()¶

Candidate protocol -- run.add_break()

中文

以下交互式会话演示了添加分页符的协议

英文

The following interactive session demonstrates the protocol for adding a page break

>>> run = p.add_run()
>>> run.breaks
[]

>>> run.add_break()  # by default adds WD_BREAK.LINE
>>> run.breaks
[<docx.text.Break object at 0x10a7c4f50>]
>>> run.breaks[0].type.__name__
WD_BREAK.LINE

>>> run.add_break(WD_BREAK.LINE)
>>> run.breaks
[<docx.text.Break object at 0x10a7c4f50>, <docx.text.Break object at 0x10a7c4f58>]

>>> run.add_break(WD_BREAK.PAGE)
>>> run.add_break(WD_BREAK.COLUMN)
>>> run.add_break(WD_BREAK.LINE_CLEAR_LEFT)
>>> run.add_break(WD_BREAK.LINE_CLEAR_RIGHT)
>>> run.add_break(WD_BREAK.TEXT_WRAPPING)

枚举 -- WD_BREAK_TYPE¶

Enumeration -- WD_BREAK_TYPE

WD_BREAK.LINE
WD_BREAK.LINE_CLEAR_LEFT
WD_BREAK.LINE_CLEAR_RIGHT
WD_BREAK.TEXT_WRAPPING (e.g. LINE_CLEAR_ALL)
WD_BREAK.PAGE
WD_BREAK.COLUMN
WD_BREAK.SECTION_NEXT_PAGE
WD_BREAK.SECTION_CONTINUOUS
WD_BREAK.SECTION_EVEN_PAGE
WD_BREAK.SECTION_ODD_PAGE

样本 XML¶

Specimen XML

换行符¶

Line break

中文

以下 XML 是 Word 在使用 Shift-Enter 插入换行符后生成的:

<w:p>
  <w:r>
    <w:t>Text before</w:t>
  </w:r>
  <w:r>
    <w:br/>
    <w:t>and after line break</w:t>
  </w:r>
</w:p>

Word 可以正常加载这种更直接的生成方式，尽管它在下次保存时会将其更改。我不确定创建一个新的 run，使得 <w:br/> 元素成为第一个子元素的优势何在:

<w:p>
  <w:r>
    <w:t>Text before</w:t>
    <w:br/>
    <w:t>and after line break</w:t>
  </w:r>
</w:p>

英文

This XML is produced by Word after inserting a line feed with Shift-Enter:

<w:p>
  <w:r>
    <w:t>Text before</w:t>
  </w:r>
  <w:r>
    <w:br/>
    <w:t>and after line break</w:t>
  </w:r>
</w:p>

Word loads this more straightforward generation just fine, although it changes it back on next save. I'm not sure of the advantage in creating a fresh run such that the <w:br/> element is the first child:

<w:p>
  <w:r>
    <w:t>Text before</w:t>
    <w:br/>
    <w:t>and after line break</w:t>
  </w:r>
</w:p>

分页符¶

Page break

中文

从这个 XML 开始...

<w:p>
  <w:r>
    <w:t>Before inserting a page break, the cursor was here }</w:t>
  </w:r>
</w:p>
<w:p>
  <w:r>
    <w:t>This was the following paragraph, the last in the document</w:t>
  </w:r>
</w:p>

... 这是 Word 在插入硬分页时生成的 XML:

<w:p>
  <w:r>
    <w:t>Before inserting a page break, the cursor was here }</w:t>
  </w:r>
</w:p>
<w:p>
  <w:r>
    <w:br w:type="page"/>
  </w:r>
</w:p>
<w:p>
  <w:bookmarkStart w:id="0" w:name="_GoBack"/>
  <w:bookmarkEnd w:id="0"/>
</w:p>
<w:p>
  <w:r>
    <w:t>This was the following paragraph, the last in the document</w:t>
  </w:r>
</w:p>

Word 可以正常加载以下简化形式...

<w:p>
  <w:r>
    <w:t>Text before an intra-run page break</w:t>
    <w:br w:type="page"/>
    <w:t>Text after an intra-run page break</w:t>
  </w:r>
</w:p>
<w:p>
  <w:r>
    <w:t>following paragraph</w:t>
  </w:r>
</w:p>

... 然而在保存时，它会将其转换为以下形式:

<w:p>
  <w:r>
    <w:t>Text before an intra-run page break</w:t>
  </w:r>
  <w:r>
    <w:br w:type="page"/>
  </w:r>
  <w:r>
    <w:lastRenderedPageBreak/>
    <w:t>Text after an intra-run page break</w:t>
  </w:r>
</w:p>
<w:p>
  <w:r>
    <w:t>following paragraph</w:t>
  </w:r>
</w:p>

英文

Starting with this XML ...

<w:p>
  <w:r>
    <w:t>Before inserting a page break, the cursor was here }</w:t>
  </w:r>
</w:p>
<w:p>
  <w:r>
    <w:t>This was the following paragraph, the last in the document</w:t>
  </w:r>
</w:p>

... this XML is produced by Word on inserting a hard page:

<w:p>
  <w:r>
    <w:t>Before inserting a page break, the cursor was here }</w:t>
  </w:r>
</w:p>
<w:p>
  <w:r>
    <w:br w:type="page"/>
  </w:r>
</w:p>
<w:p>
  <w:bookmarkStart w:id="0" w:name="_GoBack"/>
  <w:bookmarkEnd w:id="0"/>
</w:p>
<w:p>
  <w:r>
    <w:t>This was the following paragraph, the last in the document</w:t>
  </w:r>
</w:p>

Word loads the following simplified form fine ...

<w:p>
  <w:r>
    <w:t>Text before an intra-run page break</w:t>
    <w:br w:type="page"/>
    <w:t>Text after an intra-run page break</w:t>
  </w:r>
</w:p>
<w:p>
  <w:r>
    <w:t>following paragraph</w:t>
  </w:r>
</w:p>

... although on saving it converts it to this:

<w:p>
  <w:r>
    <w:t>Text before an intra-run page break</w:t>
  </w:r>
  <w:r>
    <w:br w:type="page"/>
  </w:r>
  <w:r>
    <w:lastRenderedPageBreak/>
    <w:t>Text after an intra-run page break</w:t>
  </w:r>
</w:p>
<w:p>
  <w:r>
    <w:t>following paragraph</w:t>
  </w:r>
</w:p>

架构摘录¶

Schema excerpt

<xsd:complexType name="CT_R">
  <xsd:sequence>
    <xsd:group ref="EG_RPr"             minOccurs="0"/>
    <xsd:group ref="EG_RunInnerContent" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  </xsd:sequence>
  <xsd:attribute name="rsidRPr" type="ST_LongHexNumber"/>
  <xsd:attribute name="rsidDel" type="ST_LongHexNumber"/>
  <xsd:attribute name="rsidR"   type="ST_LongHexNumber"/>
</xsd:complexType>

<xsd:group name="EG_RunInnerContent">
  <xsd:choice>
    <xsd:element name="br"                    type="CT_Br"/>
    <xsd:element name="t"                     type="CT_Text"/>
    <xsd:element name="contentPart"           type="CT_Rel"/>
    <xsd:element name="delText"               type="CT_Text"/>
    <xsd:element name="instrText"             type="CT_Text"/>
    <xsd:element name="delInstrText"          type="CT_Text"/>
    <xsd:element name="noBreakHyphen"         type="CT_Empty"/>
    <xsd:element name="softHyphen"            type="CT_Empty"/>
    <xsd:element name="dayShort"              type="CT_Empty"/>
    <xsd:element name="monthShort"            type="CT_Empty"/>
    <xsd:element name="yearShort"             type="CT_Empty"/>
    <xsd:element name="dayLong"               type="CT_Empty"/>
    <xsd:element name="monthLong"             type="CT_Empty"/>
    <xsd:element name="yearLong"              type="CT_Empty"/>
    <xsd:element name="annotationRef"         type="CT_Empty"/>
    <xsd:element name="footnoteRef"           type="CT_Empty"/>
    <xsd:element name="endnoteRef"            type="CT_Empty"/>
    <xsd:element name="separator"             type="CT_Empty"/>
    <xsd:element name="continuationSeparator" type="CT_Empty"/>
    <xsd:element name="sym"                   type="CT_Sym"/>
    <xsd:element name="pgNum"                 type="CT_Empty"/>
    <xsd:element name="cr"                    type="CT_Empty"/>
    <xsd:element name="tab"                   type="CT_Empty"/>
    <xsd:element name="object"                type="CT_Object"/>
    <xsd:element name="pict"                  type="CT_Picture"/>
    <xsd:element name="fldChar"               type="CT_FldChar"/>
    <xsd:element name="ruby"                  type="CT_Ruby"/>
    <xsd:element name="footnoteReference"     type="CT_FtnEdnRef"/>
    <xsd:element name="endnoteReference"      type="CT_FtnEdnRef"/>
    <xsd:element name="commentReference"      type="CT_Markup"/>
    <xsd:element name="drawing"               type="CT_Drawing"/>
    <xsd:element name="ptab"                  type="CT_PTab"/>
    <xsd:element name="lastRenderedPageBreak" type="CT_Empty"/>
  </xsd:choice>
</xsd:group>

<xsd:complexType name="CT_Br">
  <xsd:attribute name="type"  type="ST_BrType"/>
  <xsd:attribute name="clear" type="ST_BrClear"/>
</xsd:complexType>

<xsd:simpleType name="ST_BrType">
  <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string">
    <xsd:enumeration value="page"/>
    <xsd:enumeration value="column"/>
    <xsd:enumeration value="textWrapping"/>
  </xsd:restriction>
</xsd:simpleType>

<xsd:simpleType name="ST_BrClear">
  <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string">
    <xsd:enumeration value="none"/>
    <xsd:enumeration value="left"/>
    <xsd:enumeration value="right"/>
    <xsd:enumeration value="all"/>
  </xsd:restriction>
</xsd:simpleType>

资源¶

Resources

ISO 规范中的相关部分¶

Relevant sections in the ISO Spec

17.18.3 ST_BrClear (Line Break Text Wrapping Restart Location)