设置数据库

Setting up the database

中文

假设您已经按照本章的“先决条件”部分所述创建了一个用于 PostGIS 的 PostgreSQL 模板，那么为 ShapeEditor 设置 PostGIS 数据库就非常简单 —— 只需在命令提示符下输入以下内容：

% createdb shapeeditor

备注

如果您的系统路径中没有 PostgreSQL 的 createdb 命令，您需要在该命令前加上 PostgreSQL 命令行工具所在的目录。

如果您的 PostgreSQL 安装在创建数据库时要求提供用户名，您可以通过添加 -U 命令行选项来指定用户名，如下所示：

% createdb shapeeditor -U <username>

如果该用户有密码，系统将提示您输入密码。

这将创建一个名为 shapeeditor 的新数据库，我们将使用它来存储 ShapeEditor 项目的数据。

一切顺利的话，您的计算机上现在应该有一个名为 shapeeditor 的数据库了。通过输入以下命令打开该数据库的命令行客户端：

% psql shapeeditor

备注

如果您的 PostgreSQL 安装需要指定用户名，您需要添加 -U 命令行选项。

您应该会看到 PostgreSQL 的命令行提示符：

psql (9.1.6) Type “help” for help. shapeeditor=#

现在我们需要通过安装 PostGIS 扩展来为这个数据库启用空间功能。为此，请输入：

CREATE EXTENSION postgis;

如果接着输入 d 并按下回车键，您应该会看到新创建的 PostGIS 数据库中的表列表：

List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner ——–+——————-+———-+——- public | geography_columns | view | user public | geometry_columns | view | user public | raster_columns | view | user public | raster_overviews | view | user public | spatial_ref_sys | table| user (5 rows)

这五个表是由 PostGIS 扩展自动安装的。要退出 PostgreSQL 命令行客户端，请输入 q 然后按下回车键：

geodjango=# q %

恭喜！您刚刚为 ShapeEditor 应用程序设置好了 PostGIS 数据库。

英文

Assuming you have created a PostgreSQL template for PostGIS as described in the Prerequisites section of this chapter, setting up the PostGIS database for the ShapeEditor is trivial—simply type the following at the command prompt:

% createdb shapeeditor

备注

If you don’t have PostgreSQL’s createdb command on your path, you will need to prefix this command with the directory where PostgreSQL’s command-line tools are stored.

If your PostgreSQL installation requires you to supply a username when creating a database, you can do this by adding the -U command-line option, like this:

% createdb shapeeditor -U <username>

You will be prompted to enter the user’s password, if it has one.

This will create a new database named shapeeditor, which we will use to hold the data for our ShapeEditor project.

All going well, you should now have a database named shapeeditor on your computer. Open up a command-line client to this database by typing:

% psql shapeeditor

备注

You’ll need to add a -U command-line option if your PostgreSQL installation requires it.

You should see the PostgreSQL command line prompt:

psql (9.1.6)
Type "help" for help.
shapeeditor=#

We now need to spatially-enable this database, by installing the PostGIS extension. To do this, type:

CREATE EXENSION postgis;

If you then type d and press Return, you should see a list of the tables in your new PostGIS database:

List of relations
Schema |       Name        | Type | Owner
--------+-------------------+----------+-------
public | geography_columns | view | user
public | geometry_columns  | view | user
public | raster_columns    | view | user
public | raster_overviews  | view | user
public | spatial_ref_sys   | table| user
(5 rows)

These five tables are installed automatically by the PostGIS extension. To leave the PostgreSQL command-line client, type q and then press Return:

geodjango=# \q
%

Congratulations! You have just set up a PostGIS database for the ShapeEditor application to use.