Red Level¶

RL1 do¶

Present Tense

singular	Plural
I do	We do
You do	You do
He does
She Does	They do
It Does

Remember: The verb "need" requires an object or an infinitive after it:

I need some coffee. (The word "coffee" is an object.)
She need a ride. (The word "ride" is an object.)
we need to go home. ("To go" is an infinitive.)

Present Tense -- negative

singular	Plural
I dont' need ___	We don't need ___
You don't need ___	You don't need ___
He doesn't need ___
She doesn't need ___	They dont't need ___
It doesn't need ___

The verb "do" can be used to make a statement:

I do the laundry every weekend.

... but it is usually used to make the present tense or the past tense negative.

I don't have any money.

He didn't go to store yesterday.

It's also used when making questions:

Do you what time it is ?

Does he have a coat ?

Examples:

I wear glasses.
I don't see well without my glasses.
Do you wear glasses ?
You speak English.
You don't speak Chinese.
Do you speak Vietnamese?
He works on a computer at work.
He doesn't work outside.
Does he like his job ?
She rides a bike to work.
She doesn't have a car.
Does she wear a helmet ?
- Yes, she does.
It looks ripe. (ripe = ready to eat.)
It doesn't grow in the winter in Minnesota.
Does it grow in the spring ?
- Yes, It does.
We live in Minnesota.
We don't live in Canada.
Do we like Minnesota ?
- Yes, we do . or ...
- Yes, we like Minnesota.
You play football.
You don't play tennis.
Do you play football all year long ?
- NO, We don't , We play in the fall.
They walk their dogs every day.
They don't take their cats for a walk.
Do they walk their dogs on a leash.
- Yes, they do.

The verb "do" is a very important verb.

We use it to make the present tense, the present tense negative, and for asking questions.

Examples:

I do many things on the weekend. (present tense, "do" is the main verb)

He doesn't like to go to the store. (present tense negative, "like" is the main verb)

Do you want to see a movie? (present tense question, "want" is the main verb)

"Do" is often used as a main verb, but only for particular activities, such as housework, cleaning, studying, research, and shopping.

Examples:

I do the dishes every night. (do = wash)

She does her grocery shopping at Cub. (do = go/finish)

They do their homework at the library. (do = complete)

The past tense form of "do" is "did."

Examples:

I did the dishes last night.

She did her grocery shopping at Cub.

"Do" is also used for creating emphasis:

Example:

A: You don't like this very much.

B: No. I do like it!

Reading Time : 阅读时间¶

Stan likes to ride his bike. He rides to and from work every day, and he rides his bike on the weekend for recreation and fun. Sometimes he rides on a bike path, but more often he rides in the street along with regular traffic.

Stan wears a helmet for safety, and he always signals his turns when riding in traffic. He stretches his left arm out straight when making a left turn, and he stretches his right arm out straight when making a right turn. State law in Minnesota requires that people on bikes ride on the right-hand side of the road. Also, according to state law, drivers of cars must give bicyclists at least three feet of space when passing.

How much do you remember from the reading ? Fill in the blanks.

1A: What does Stan ride to work?
1B: He _____ a bike. (骑行)
2A: What _____ he wear to keep safe?
2B: He wears a helmet.
3A: Which arm does he use for a left turn?
3B: He _____ his left arm.
4A: On what side of the road do people ride their bikes?
4B: They _____ on the right-hand side.
5A: How much room must drivers give to people who ride bikes on the street?
5B: They must give at least three ______.

Answers : 1. rides; 2. does; 3. uses; 4. ride; 5. feet.

RL2 do - negative¶

Present Tense

singular	Plural
I do not = I don't	We do not = We don't
You do not = You don't	You do not = You don't
He does not = He doesn't
She Does not = She doesn't	They do not = They don't
It Does not = It doesn't

The verb "do" is a helping verb. Use "do" to make the present tense and the past tense negative. The verb "do" is also a main verb.

The video explains the difference between a helping verb and a main verb.

Examples in the present tense:

I don't work on the weekend. (present tense negative)
He doesn't like to go to the store. (present tense negative)
They don't have any money. (present tense negative)

Examples in the past tense: The past tense form of "do" is "did". Did + not = didn't

I didn't work last night.
She didn't go shopping yesterday.
We didn't see that movie yet...

Be careful: "Do" is also used as a main verb, but only for particular activities, such as housework, cleaning, studying, research, business, and shopping.

Examples in the past tense:

I didn't do the dishes last night.
She didn't do her grocery shopping at Cub.

Separating the contraction creates emphasis

Examples:

I do not want to do the dishes.
He does not have his license.
Please, do not put that hot pan on the counter.

Never put do + not + ____ing

He doesn't going to work.( incorrect )
He doesn't go to work. ( correct )

Avoid bad American grammar!

She don't go to work on Sunday.
It don't matter to me.
He don't know.

Practice :

Complete these sentences with the correct form of the verb "do."

He ___ his homework at the library. (does)
___ you like to play football? (Do)
Where ___ they live? (do)
She ___ not want to eat that. (does)
We ___ our laundry at the laundromat. (do)
What ___ you do? (do)
___ it take long to get there? (Does)
___ he live near the school? (Does)
I ___ not have any money. (do)
The students ___ not have their books today. (do)

Complete these sentences with the helping verb "do" and the main verb to make the negative:

Helping verb = do or does + not

Main verb = live, shop, eat, go, see, etc.

He ___ ___ in that house. (live) (doesn't live)
Mary and John ___ ___ at that store any more. (shop) (don't shop)
It ___ ___ long to get there on the bus. (take) (doesn't take)
I ___ ___ any more coffee. (want) (don't want)
You ___ ___ enough time to get to work. (have) (don't have)
She ___ ___ any milk from the store. (need) (doesn't need)
We ___ ___ dinner every night at home. (eat) (don't eat)
The car ___ ___ . (work) (doesn't work)
Tom ___ ___ the newspaper in the morning. (read) (doesn't read)
They ___ ___ shopping during the week. (go) (don't go)

Reading Time : 阅读时间¶

Donna and Bill had lunch together yesterday. They're both in the same Spanish class, so after class was over, they went out to eat at a restaurant. Donna ordered a big plate of french fries and Bill ordered a hamburger. They shared a milkshake.

Bill helps Donna with her Spanish. He's a very good student, and he learns new things very quickly. He likes helping Donna because she's a very nice person, and he hopes to go out with her more often.

Donna needs to spend more time studying, but she works in the evenings and sometimes she doesn't have enough time to study. She doesn't always understand the teacher because the teacher speaks entirely in Spanish and sometimes he speaks too quickly.

How much do you remember from the reading ? Fill in the blanks.

1A: What did Donna and Bill do yesterday?
1B: They ___ lunch together. (have)
2A: What ___ Donna order? (did)
2B: She ordered a big plate of french fries.
3A: What did they share?
3B: They ___ a milkshake. (shared)
4A: Does Bill like helping Donna with her Spanish?
4B: Yes, he ___. (does)
5A: What does Donna need to do?
5B: She ___ to spend more time studying. (needs)

RL3 Do (present tense) and Did(past tense)¶

as Helping Verb to Make Negative Sentences.

Main verb:

simple form	past tense form
work	worked
live	lived
move	moved
arrive	arrived
need	needed
want	wanted
like	liked
talk	talked
cook	cooked
walk	walked
`eat`	`ate`
`have`	`had`
`see`	`saw`
`read`	`read`
`cost`	`cost`
`give`	`give`
`get`	`got`
`go`	`went`
`know`	`knew`
`do`	`did`
`buy`	`bought`

Present Tense Negative: do + not + main verb

singular	Plural
I do not `___` I don't `___`	We do not `___` We don't `___`
You do not `___` You don't `___`	You do not `___` You don't `___`
He does not `___` He doesn't `___`
She Does not `___` She doesn't `___`	They do not `___` They don't `___`
It Does not `___` It doesn't `___`

Watch this video for detail : https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/-dguy9IJMuQ

Past Tense Negative: did + not + main verb

singular	Plural
I did not `___` I didn't `___`	We did not `___` We didn't `___`
You did not `___` You didn't `___`	You did not `___` You didn't `___`
He did not `___` He didn't `___`
She did not `___` She didn't `___`	They did not `___` They didn't `___`
It did not `___` It didn't `___`

Watch this video for detail : http://www.youtube.com/embed/a7_WGF_L5qs?rel=0

The verb "do" is a helping verb. We add it to the simple form of a verb to make questions and negatives in the present tense and the past tense.

Examples:

I don't work on the weekend. (present tense negative).
I didn't work last weekend. (past tense negative)
He doesn't like to go to the store. (present tense negative)
He didn't like to go to the store when he was younger. (past tense negative).
They don't have any money. (present tense negative)
They didn't have any money last week. (past tense negative.)

Note: "Do" is also used as a main verb for activities, such as housework, cleaning, studying, research, business, and shopping.

Examples:

I don't do the dishes every night.
I didn't do the dishes last night.
She doesn't do her grocery shopping at Cub.
She didn't do her grocery shopping yesterday.
They do not do their homework at the library.
They didn't do their homework last night.
Their company doesn't do business in Minnesota.
They never did business here.

The past tense form of "do" is "did." Did + not = didn't

Examples:

I didn't go to work yesterday.
She didn't take the bus to work.

Separating the contraction creates emphasis.

Examples:

I did not want to do the dishes last night.
I do not want to do them now!
He does not have his license!
He never did get it!
Please, do not put that hot pan on the counter!

Never put "did" + ___ing together.

He ~~did going~~ to work last night. (incorrect)
He went to work last night. ( correct )

Avoid bad American grammar!

She ~~don't go~~ to work on Sunday. (She doesn't go to work on Sunday.)
It ~~don't matter~~ to me. (It doesn't matter to me.)
He ~~don't know~~. (He doesn't know.)

Practice one : Using the helping verb "do" in the present tense

Part A.

Directions: Complete each question with the correct form of the auxiliary verb and the main verb in the present tense. (10 points)

___ she ___ her job? (like) (Does ... like)
___ they ___ anything for breakfast? (want) (Do ... want)
Where ___ you ___ to school? (go) (do ... go)
What ___ she ___ for a living? (do) (does ... do )
___ I ___ a heavy coat today? (need) (Do ... need)
When ___ they ___ their homework? (do) (do ... do)
___ it ___ anything to ride the bus? (cost) (Does ... cost)
What time ___ you ___ dinner? (eat) (do ... eat)
___ the students ___ the lesson? (understand) (Do ... understand)
How ___ this ___ ? (work) (does ... work)

Part B.

Directions: Use only the verb "do" for the auxiliary ver (helping verb) and the main verb. (10 points)

___ she ___ the shopping on the weekend? (question) (Does ... do )
They ___ ___ very much work. (negative) (don't do)
What ___ you ___ ? (question) (do ... do)
Who ___ the dishes at your house? (question) (does)
She ___ ___ any cleaning during the week. (negative) (doesn't do)
When ___ we ___ our taxes? (question) (do do)
___ his accountant ___ his taxes? (question) (Does ... do)
I ___ ___ drugs. (negative) (don't do )
She ___ ___ drugs either. (negative) (doesn't do )
Why ___ he ___ that for you? (question - negative) (doesn't ... do)

Part C.

Conjugate the verb "do" in the present tense (5 points)

Singular	Plural
I do	we do
You do	You do
She does
He does	They do
It Does

Conjugate the verb "go" in the present tense negative (5 points)

Singular	Plural
I don't go	We don't go
You don't go	You don't go
She doesn't go
He doesn't go	They don't go
It doesn't go

Practice two : Using the helping verb "do" in the past tense and past tense negative

Part A.

Directions: Complete each question with the correct form of the auxiliary verb and the main verb in the past tense. (10 points)

___ they ___ their work yet? (finish) (Did ... finish)
___ you ___ anything for lunch? (eat) (Did ... eat)
When ___ you ___ this morning? (wake up) (did ... wake up)
What ___ the students ___ in class yesterday? (do) (did ... do)
Where ___ I ___ my keys? (put) (did .. put)
___ the teacher ___ you a quiz today? (give) (Did ... give)
How ___ it ___ to lose all that money? (feel) (did ... feel)
___ Maria ___ to work last week? (come) (Did ... come)
What time ___ the movie ___ ? (start) (did ... start)
Is this what you ___ in class this morning? (do) (did)

Part B.

Directions: Make each sentence negative in the past tense. (10 points)

She ___ ___ the laundry last weekend. (do) (didn't do)
I ___ ___ that book very much. (like) (didn't like)
My car ___ ___ this morning. (start) (didn't start)
John ___ ___ the answer to the question. (know) (didn't know)
The party ___ ___ past midnight. (last) (didn't last)
Her boss ___ ___ her enough time. (give) (didn't give)
We found out that she ___ ___ her taxes. (pay) (didn't pay)
Jose and I ___ ___ all that food on the table. (see) (didn't see)
His children ___ ___ their homework. (do) (didn't do)
They never ___ how to ride a bike. (learn) (learned)

Part C.

Conjugate the verb "do" in the past tense negative. (5 pts.)

Singular	Plural
I did	We did
You did	You did
She did
He did	They did
It did

Conjugate the verb "study" in the past tense negative. (5 points)

Singular	Plural
I didn't study	We didn't study
You didn't study	You didn't study
She didn't study
He didn't study	They didn't study
It didn't study

Reading Time : 阅读时间¶

These are Lisa's children. She has two daughters. Katie is eight and Cynthia is eleven. Both of Lisa's children like to play in the snow, so Lisa took her children sledding today.

Katie is sitting on a sled. She's ready to go down the hill. There's some room behind her on the sled, so her sister, Cynthia, will probably go down the hill with her.

Later, they'll all go home and drink hot cocoa. They like to drink hot cocoa after being outside in the cold for a long time.

How much do you remember from the reading ? Fill in the blanks.

1A: How many daughters does Lisa have?
1B: She ___ two daughters. (has)
2A: What do her daughters like to do?
2B: They like ___ ___ in the snow. (to play)
3A: What is Katie sitting ___ ? (on)
3B: She's sitting on a sled.
4A: Where will they all go later?
4B: They'll all go ___ . (home)

RL4 Commands¶

Also known as the imperative form, commands are very easy to use. Begin the sentence with a verb and end with an object, a person or a thing.

Tell someone to do something:

Answer the phone, please.
Drive to the post office.
Help me find this information.

The subject in each of these sentences is "you," but it doesn't sound correct to use the subject.

~~You answer the phone, please.~~
~~You drive to the post office.~~
~~You help me.~~

Tell someone not to do something:

Don't do that. (The subject is "you.")
Don't hit him.
Don't drive a car without a seat belt.

In each sentence above, the present tense is used and the subject is "you. The polite form of a command uses the word "please."

Please give that to me.
Pass the potatoes, please. (Use the word "pass" when you sit at a table with other people and eat food.)
Look how beautiful this is.
Please waters the flowers today.
Feed the dog.
Turn on the oven.
Give me a kiss.

Commands are often used with children.

Always wear your helmet.
Hold still for a picture.
Don't be mad at me.
Take your hands off your eyes look at me.

If someone doesn't do what you wanted him or her to do, use the word "tell." For examples: Purple Level tell.

Quiz Commands

Part A.

Directions: Fill in the blank with the correct word from the list of word choices below. Some sentences are negative. (10 points)

tell / open / wait / leave / eat / bring / have / go / make / sit

____ me the newspaper from outside. (bring)
____ all of your vegetables! (eat)
____ the door! (negative) (don't open)
____ on the couch. (sit)
____ your muddy shoes outside! (leave)
Please ____ to work today. You're sick. (negative) (don't go)
Here. ____ some more coffee. (have)
____ my mother I broke her lamp.(negative) (don't tell)
Please ____ for me here. I'll be right back. (wait)
____ that recipe again. It tasted terrible!(negative) (don't make)

Part B.

Directions: Fill in the blank with the correct word from the list below. Use the polite form with please. Some of these commands are negative. (10 points)

do / close / call / let / help / find / clean / work / see / turn

____ ____ your room today. It's a mess. (please clean)
____ ____ ____ that any more! It hurts.(negative) (please don't do)
____ ____ me! This is hard to do alone. (please help)
____ ____ ____ him eat that. (negative) (please don't let)
____ ____ on the light. (please turn)
____ the door ____. (close , please)
____ ____ a doctor about that. You're sick! (please see)
____ me at that number ____. (call , please)
____ ____ ____ on that computer.(negative)(please don't work)
____ ____ your shoes. We have to go.(please find)

Reading Time : A farm is a great place to work¶

A farm is a great place to work. There are many different jobs to do on a farm, and farmers spend most of their time outside in the spring, summer, and fall. Winter is nice also if you don't mind being outside when it's cold.

Farms in the United States produce crops such as corn, wheat, soybeans, and cotton. Farms in California and Florida can grow crops all year round, so the orange juice you had for breakfast probably came from one of those states.

Some farmers raise cows for the production of milk and cheese. They're called dairy farmers. Dairy farms are very popular in the states of Minnesota and Wisconsin.

Farmers who grow apples and pears have large orchards. They're very busy in the fall months of September and October when the fruit ripens. You can go to an orchard in the fall and pick your own apples. By visiting an orchard, you can learn a little about what it's like to work on a farm.

How much do you remember from the reading ? Fill in the blanks.

_ farm is__ great place to work. (A ... a )
Farmers __ most of their time outside. (spend)
Farms in California and Florida grow _ all year round. (crops)
In which states are dairy farms popular?
______ are popular in Minnesota and Wisconsin. (Dairy farms)
Where do farmers grow their apples?
They grow apples in an ___. (orchard)

RL5 Question with do¶

Do I teach English?
Yes, you do.
Do you speak English?
Yes, I do.
Where do you go to school?
I go to school at the university.
Does he like books?
Yes, he does.
Does she like her hairstyle?
Yes, she does.
What color does she like?
She likes purple.
Does the goat have food?
No, it doesn't.
It needs some food.
Do we go to school everyday?
Yes, we do.
What do we do in class?
We learn English.
Do you go to school everyday?
Yes, we do.
What do you study?
We study English.
Do they like ice cream?
Yes, they do.
Where do they go when it's hot outside?
They go to the beach.

Practice writing questions and answers in the present tense:

Part A - Write questions and answers in the present tense:

Example:

John (go) to work every day.

Question: Where does John go every day?

Answer: He goes to work.

Mary (like) to read books.

Question: What does She like to read?

Answer: She likes to read books.

Bill (have) a tomato.

Question: What does Bill have?

Answer: He has a tomato.

Mary and Bill (like) pizza for dinner.

Question: What do Mary and Bill like for dinner?

Answer: They like pizza for dinner.

My brother (live) in California.

Question: Where does your brother live?

Answer: He live in California.

The car (go) in the garage.

Question: Where does the car go?

Answer: It goes in the garage.

Part B - Write questions and answers in the present tense:

Example:

I (go) to school every day.

Question: Where do you go every day?

Answer: I go to school.

I (work) at a supermarket.

Question: Where do you work?

Answer: I work at a supermarket.

I (like) eggs and toast for breakfast.

Question: What do you like for breakfast?

Answer: I like eggs and toast for breakfast.

I usually (order) pizza.

Question: What do you usually order?

Answer: I usually order pizza.

I (watch) English lessons on YouTube.

Question: What do you watch on YouTube?

Answer: I watch English lessons on YouTube.

I (get) my mail in the afternoon.

Question: When do you get your mail?

Answer: I get my mail in the afternoon. or I get it in the afternoon.

Present tense questions with the verb "do" are made two ways:

1. Yes-No Questions:

Q: Do you want some water?

A: No, I don't.

In this first example, "do" is the helping verb, and "want" is the main verb. Use "do" or "does," depending on the subject.

Q: Does he want to see that movie?

A: Yes, he does.

The verb "do" is often an answer to a yes-no question.

2. Questions for information:

Q: Where does he live?

A: He lives in Minnesota.

Incorrect: He ~~does live~~ in Minnesota.

Q: What do you do for a living? (What is your job?)

A: I'm a cook.

In this example, "do" + "do" make a question.

The answer does not require the verb "do."

I am a cook. -- uses the verb "be."

more practice making information, questions in the present tense:

What's the Question?

the present tense:

Directions: Write information questions in the present tense. First, read the answer. Then, write the question by hand in your notebook.

Example:

Question: Where does she work?

Answer: She works at Burger King.

Question: Where does she live? ?

Answer: She lives in Boston.

Question: How many books do you have ?

Answer: I have three books.

Question: When does the movie start ?

Answer: The movie starts at six o'clock.

Question: What does he do?

Answer: He's a cook

Question: Why do they wake up early?

Answer: They wake up early because they have to go to work.

Question: How much do they need ?

Answer: They need twenty dollars.

Question: How many people do you know here? ?

Answer: I know three or four people here.

Question: Who do you call when there's a problem in your neighborhood ?

Answer: I call the police where there's a problem in my neighborhood.

Question: How long does the pasta take to cook ?

Answer: The pasta takes about ten minutes to cook.

Question: When do they finish work ?

Answer: They finish work at 9 p.m.

Practice:

These sentences and questions are all in the present tense. Use the correct helping verb.

The main verb is in parentheses.

Example:

____ she ____ here? (work).

The helping verb is "Does" and the main verb is "work."

Does she work here?

Directions: Write this exercise by hand.

Question: Does he like his job? (like)

Answer: Yes, he does.

Question: Do you have any money? (have)

Answer: No, I don't.

Question: Where do they live.? (live)

Answer: They live across the street.

Question: What do you do? (do)

Answer: I work at a restaurant. (work)

Question: Does she drive? (drive)

Answer: Yes, she does.

Reading Time : Luke and Sandra are going to have a baby¶

Luke and Sandra are going to have a baby. Sandra is seven months pregnant, so they expect the baby will come in the middle of May. They are both excited and a little nervous about becoming parents for the first time.

When the baby comes, Sandra is going to take a six-month leave of absence from her job. She wants to spend a lot of time with her new baby. After that, she will go back to work, and then Luke will stay home with the baby. Right now he's a student studying law, but he'll be finished with law school by the end of this year.

To prepare for the baby's arrival, Sandra's family and friends are having a baby shower for her. This is her first baby, so she needs a lot of things: a crib, a baby carrier, a high chair, baby clothes, baby bottles, and a lot of diapers.

How much do you remember from the reading ? Fill in the blanks.

Luke and Sandra are going to have a baby.
They are excited and nervous about becoming parents for the first time.
Who will stay home with the baby first?
Sandra is going to stay home with the baby first.
What is Luke studying right now?
He's studying law.
Who's having a baby shower for Sandra?
Sandra's family and friends are having a baby shower for her.

RL6 Object Pronouns¶

singular: me, you, him, her, it

plural: us, you, them

Subject Pronoun	Object Pronoun	Noun
I I talk to you.	Me You talk to me.	me for oneself
You You talk to me.	You I talk to you.	you One person I talk to
He He calls you.	Him You call him.	a boy or a man
She She looks at you.	Her You look at her.	a girl or a woman
It It is a cat. It is a banana.	It You feed it . You eat it.	an animal, an idea, a place, a situation, a thing, time, weather, an emotion one banana = it
We We talk together.	Us Someone talks to us.	me you I + you = we me + you = us
You You learn English.	You I teach you English.
They They eat ice cream.	Them Someone gave them ice cream.	people = they / them things = they / them

Quiz:

Part A.

Directions: Fill in the blank with the correct object pronoun. The words in parentheses will help you choose the correct word. (20 points)

I see him every day. (a man)
Please give her the information. (a woman)
He calls them on the weekends. (his parents)
Throw it to me. (a ball)
She kissed me. ( I )
I'm in love with her. (a woman)
We told them not to go to that restaurant. (two people)
The boss hired you last year. (you)
The teacher asked him to clean the desks. (a boy)
Do you know how to work it? (a machine)
He really likes it. (his job)
My accountant called me yesterday. ( I )
The teacher helped them after school. (a girl and a boy)
Don't eat them! (some rotten grapes)
I asked all of you to finish this assignment. (you)
She gave us too much work to do. (you and I)
Do you understand him? (a male teacher)
Do you know her? (a woman)
We need to finish it next week. (an assignment)
Help us! (you and I)

Part B.

Directions: Write the subject and object pronouns in the singular and plural forms. (10 points)

singular subject	singular object	plural subject	plural object
I	me	we	us
you	you	you	you
she	her	they	them
he	him
it	it

Reading Time : Matthew gets ready to go to work¶

Matthew gets ready to go to work early every morning. After he wakes up, he makes himself some coffee, he reads the newspaper, shaves and showers, and he has breakfast. This morning Matthew is running late, so he only has enough time to shave before he leaves his apartment.

Matthew turns on the water. The water from the faucet is cold, so he lets the water run for a minute before cupping his hands together and splashing water on his face. The warm water feels good on his skin, and it helps him wake up a little.

He puts on the shaving cream and he begins to shave. Matthew is careful when he shaves because he doesn't want to cut himself. First he shaves under his nose, then he shaves from the right side of his face to the left side of his face.

When he's finished shaving, Matthew rinses his face with water to get the shaving cream off. He dries his face off with a towel, gets dressed, and heads to work. Once he arrives at work, he'll get some coffee from the coffee shop near his office.

How much do you remember from the reading ? Fill in the blanks.

1A: Why doesn't Matthew make coffee for himself this morning?

1B: He is running late.

2A: Does Matthew usually watch TV in the morning?

2B: No, he doesn't .

3A: What does he put on his face?

3B: He puts on some shaving cream.

4A: Why is he careful when he shaves?

4B: He doesn't want to cut himself.

5A: What does he use to dry off his face?

5B: He uses a towel .

RL7 Special Uses for the Verb "Do"¶

The verb "do" is a little confusing. Not only is it a helping verb, it's a main verb as well. For example, to ask someone about his or her job, say...

"What do you do?"

The first verb in that question is a helping verb, do; the second verb in that question is the main verb, do.

Examples:

Q: What do you do?

A: I'm a cashier.

It's interesting to note that the answer does not require the verb do. In this case the answer uses the verb be.

Q: What do you do at work?

A: I help customers.

Q: What do you do everyday?

A: I go to school.

What did they do?

They got married.

~~They do married.~~ No!

What is he doing?

He's smoking.

~~He's doing smoking.~~ No!

But sometimes "do" is used as the main verb.

In fact, "do" is a very popular main verb for some activities. It can be used for exercising, studying, cleaning, working, and other general behaviors.

examples below:

Question	Answer
What is he doing?	He's doing some exercises.
What does he do every day?	He exercises. / He does exercises. or.... He does a lot of exercising.
How does she stay healthy?	She does a lot of bicycling.
What does she do every day?	She rides her bike. or .... She does a lot of biking.
What is she doing?	She's cleaning the bathroom. or .... She's doing some cleaning. She does a lot of cleaning at home on the weekend.
What is he doing?	He's vacuuming. or .... He's doing some vacuuming.
What is she doing?	She's working on her laptop. or .... She's doing some work on her laptop. (laptop=computer)
What are they doing?	They're washing the dishes. or... They're doing the dishes.

Reading Time : Carolyn recently lost her husband¶

Carolyn recently lost her husband. He died of cancer a year ago. His name was Brad. Now Carolyn lives by herself. She feels lonely without her husband, but her children still visit her on the weekends, and that makes her feel less lonely.

Carolyn finds comfort in taking long walks in the forest. She and her husband used to go on long walks together, so when she takes a walk in the forest, it reminds her of her husband, and it brings back a lot of happy memories. Because she works as an artist, a walk in the forest also provides her with inspiration for her work.

Carolyn's oldest daughter is 34 years old. Her name is Kathleen, but everyone calls her "Kathy." Kathy works as a nurse at a hospital. She's married and she has two small children. One is a three-year-old boy named Kevin, and the other is an eleven-month-old girl named Lisa. Kathy and her children come to visit Carolyn as often as possible. They call Carolyn "Gramma."

Carolyn's other daughter lives in New York. Her name is Samantha. She's 26 years old, single, and she works as a waitress, but she hopes to find a job someday as an actress. Samantha comes home to visit her mother at least two or three times a year, usually during the holidays.

Brad is the youngest of Carolyn's three children. He's named after his father. He also looks a little like his father. He's 24 years old and he's going to finish law school in a few months. He hopes to get a job as a lawyer after he takes the bar exam. Brad wants to remain in the same town where his mother lives because he's very close to his mother, and he loves living in the town where he grew up.

Brad is going to get married next year. He has a two-year-old son from a previous marriage. His son's name is Justin. Carolyn often takes care of her grandson, Justin, during the day while Brad attends law school.

How much do you remember from the reading ? Fill in the blanks.

1A: What happened to Carolyn's husband?

1B: He died of cancer.

2A: What was her husband's name?

2B: His name was Brad .

3A: How many children does Carolyn have?

3B: She has three children.

4A: Where does Samantha live?

4B: She lives in New York.

5A: What kind of a job does Brad hope to get?

5B: He hopes to get a job as a lawyer.

RL8 Many and Much¶

Many is used with count nouns:

Q: How many apples are there?

A: There are many apples in this picture.

Q: How many chairs are there?

A: There are two chairs.

Q: How many bees are there?

A: Hundreds. Maybe thousands!

Q: How many apples are there in this picture?

A: There is only one apple.

Q: How many men are there in this picture?

A: There aren't any. There is only one woman.

Much is used with noncount nouns:

Q: How much fruit is there?

A: There's a lot of fruit.

Q: How much water is in the glass?

A: It's almost full. There's a lot of water in the glass.

Q: How much traffic is there this morning?

A: There's a lot of traffic. The cars aren't moving very fast.

Q: How much fishing does he do?

A: He does a lot of fishing on the weekend.

Q: How much beer is there in his glass?

A: There isn't any. It's all gone.

Now, watch this video: https://www.youtube.com/embed/Rnt59RLarH4?rel=0

Count Nouns Singular	Count Nouns Plural	Noncount Nouns (Don't use in plural form)
car	cars	traffic
apple	apples	fruit
machine	machines	machinery
fact	facts	information
chair	chairs	furniture
dollar	dollars	money
minute	minutes	time
(Only use an article with these: a or the)	(These plural count nouns use "many")	(These use "much")

It's important to understand the difference between noncount and count nouns when using many and much.

Noncount nouns are often used to describe large categories while count nouns are usually more specific.

Examples:

There is a car in the street. (singular count noun)
Question: How many cars are in the street?
Answer: There are a few cars in the street (plural count noun)
Question: How much traffic is there?
Answer: There is a lot of traffic. (noncount noun)

Noncount nouns always use a singular verb.

Count nouns are singular or plural.

Much and Many are usually used with the negative:

Examples:

There aren't many students in the classroom. (perhaps 4 or 5 students)
There isn't much food in the refrigerator. ( a small amount of food)

Any + not, never, or without expresses zero:

Examples:

There aren't any students in the classroom (zero)
There isn't any food in the refrigerator. It's empty.
He went outside without any shoes. (There are no shoes on his feet.)
They never want to eat any vegetables or drink any milk.

Much and Many are usually not used in the affirmative:

Examples:

There are many apples in the basket. It sounds better to say...
There are a lot of apples in the basket.
There is much milk in the refrigerator. It sounds better to say...
There is a lot of milk in the refrigerator.

Practice¶

Exercise 1: Asking Questions with much, many, or any

How many apples are there on the table?
How much water is in the glass?
Do you know how many people are going to be at the party?
How many students came to class yesterday?
How much traffic was there on the highway?
Does he know how much money he needs to go to college?
Are there any customers in the store?
How much rice did you make?
Do you know how much it costs to take the bus?
Is there any room on the bus for me to sit down?

Exercise 2: Negative + much, many, or any.

There aren't many students in class today. (small amount)
There isn't much water in this glass. (small amount)
There aren't any apples in the basket. (zero)
She doesn't have very many friends. (small amount)
My gas tank is empty. I don't have any gas. (zero)
Those homeless people don't have any money. They're very poor. (zero)
I didn't know many people at the party . I talked to just a few of my friends. (small amount)
There isn't much snow this January in Minnesota. There are only a few inches. (small amount)
The computer never makes any mistakes, but people who use computers frequently do. (zero)
There wasn't much business today at the restaurant, so I left early. (small amount)

Red Level Quiz #8 - Much & Many

Part A.

Directions: Fill in the blank with "much" or "many." (20 points)

He doesn't have much time today.
How many apples are there in the basket?
I didn't see many cars on the highway this morning.
How much money do you have?
There isn't much milk in the refrigerator.
There were many Spanish-speaking people at the party.
Do you know how many people there are in the world?
We didn't send many Christmas cards to our friends this year.
Did you see how much food there was in that store?!
How much information can you find on the internet?
How many chairs do we need for the classroom?
She doesn't need very much time to finish her work.
There were too many bees at the park, so we left.
There is too much pollution in the world.
I couldn't find very much rice at the store today.
How much help do you need?
There were many butterflies outside.
She doesn't have many teeth left in her mouth.
We saw many police officers outside of our house.
How much coffee do you drink every day?

Part B.

Directions: Write questions using "much" or "many." (5 points)

How many oranges are there?
How much time do you need?
How much money do you have?
How many students are there?
How much water in this glass?

Reading Time : Skyscrapers are very tall buildings¶

Skyscrapers are very tall buildings. They are found in many large, American cities. Skyscrapers in New York City and Chicago reach more than a 1000 feet into the sky (304.8 meters), which is about the length of three football fields. These huge structures are appropriately named "skyscrapers" because they are so tall that they seem to touch, or "scrape" the sky and the clouds. On a clear day, you can see a skyscraper from several miles away.

Early skyscrapers were built with iron, steel, and masonry; modern skyscrapers are built with steel, concrete, and a lot of glass. Skyscraper construction is popular in large cities nowadays because land is very valuable. The only direction for the development of a large building in a busy downtown is up. Skyscrapers help define a city's skyline, and they help preserve land for parks and public plazas.

The Empire State Building (right photo) in New York has more than 100 floors. It's a very famous building. Tourists enjoy going to the observation deck near the top of the building. From there, they have a good view of the city. The Empire State Building was the tallest building in the city until the construction of the World Trade Center buildings in the 1970s.

The tallest skyscraper in the United States is the Sears Tower (renamed the Willis Tower in 2009) in Chicago, Illinois. The tallest skyscraper in the world is in Dubai (the Burj Khalifa). It stands at 2,717 feet (828 meters), which is about the length of eight-and-a-half football fields. Other famous skyscrapers are Tapei 101 in Taipai, Taiwan, Petronas Towers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, and the Jin Mao Tower in Shanghai, China.

How much do you remember from the reading ? Fill in the blanks.

1: The Empire State Building is in New York.

2: Skyscraper construction in big cities is popular because land is so valuable.

3A: How many floors does the Empire State Building have?

3B: It has 102 floors.

4: From an observation deck near the top of a skyscraper, you have a good view of the city.

5: Skyscrapers have to define a city's skyline.

RL9 a few/a little¶

Few is used with count nouns:

a few	few
`a few` = 3-4	`few` (adjective， to describe a small amount)
a few cars	few cars
a few items	few items
a few ideas	few ideas
a few people	few people
a few men	few men
There were `a few` (meaning 3 or 4 ) people at the party	There were `few` people at the party. (meaning a small number, It could of been ten people when fifty people expected)
Q: How many cars are there? A: There are just `a few`.	She's sad because she has very `few` friends. (This means she doesn't have many friends. Notice there is no article. "A few" means something different.)
There are `a few` bananas on the table.	`Few` people were at the meeting. She expected 20, but only three came. (In this example and the one above, the situation is not good.)

Few people came to the party. Fifty people were expected. Only ten showed up. There were very few people there.

A few books are on the table.

Few books are on the table.

We had few problems with the computer. (sounds good.)

We had a few problems with the computer. (sounds very good.)

Little is used with non count nouns:

a little / little = a small amount

He dropped a little paint on his wife's head.

(You can also use... a little bit of)

He dropped a little bit of paint on his wife's head.

There's a little snow on the road and on the ground.

He got very little sleep last night.
(Notice that "sleep" is a noun in this sentence. "A little sleep" is a small amount of sleep, and "little sleep" is not very much sleep or no sleep.)

Q: Did she find what she was looking for in the newspaper?
A: No. There was very little information.

a	b
a little time	little time
a little memory	little memory
a little money	little money
a little oil	little oil
a little pain	little pain
a little food	little food

I have a little time today. (a little time = some time = time to spare)
I have little time today. = I don't have a lot of time. = I don't have any time at all. (little time = not time or no extra time)
We have a little food in the fridge.
we have some food.
We have little food in the fridge.
There isn't very much food.
There's a little oil left in the bottle.
There's some oil.
There's little oil in the bottle.
There's isn't very much oil.

Remember: "a little" and "little" are used when describing amounts for noncount nouns.

I have very little interest in doing that.
He has very little information.
There was very little traffic in the morning.

Red Level Quiz 12 - A Few / A Little¶

Part A.
Directions: Fill in the blank with "a few" or "a little." (20 points)

She has a little money in her purse.
There are a few people in the store.
Please get a few oranges when you go to the store.
I have a little fruit with me if you're hungry.
They bought a few books at the bookstore.
There were quite a few children on the playground.
Here's a little information about Mount Rushmore.
It took a few hours to drive to the campground.
I need a few bucks. Can you lend me some money.
All but a few of the guests got sick after the party.
A little patience is all we need to get through the day.
This situation is a little embarrassing.
Call me back in a few minutes.
The movie was good for a few laughs.
We can all use a little laughter.
This soup needs a little salt.
There were quite a few bees outside this morning.
I saw a few deer in the woods this morning.
Can you give me a little help.
How about a little coffee? Do you want some?

Part B.
Directions: Fill in the blank with "few" or "little." Notice the meanings of these words are different from those in Part A. (20 pts)

My boss has little patience for employees who are late.
In high school she had very few friends.
There are few good schools in that city.
We have little time to waste. Let's go now.
She feels very little sympathy for the poor.
There are too few buses at this time of the day.
Few people showed up at the party.
This is too little, too late.
The houses here are few and far between.
Very few marriages last longer than 50 years.
Little effort went into the production and it showed.
There was so little competition in the race, he won easily.
There are very few fish in this part of the lake.
They put very little sugar in these cookies.
Few bacteria can survive these kinds of temperatures.
The students put too little effort into their homework.
Few shopping malls are open on Christmas day.
I know this is little comfort, but I'm sorry.
There are few women with her qualifications.
He gets little exercise, so he's put on a lot of weight.

Reading Time : Patty invited some friends over for dinner¶

Patty invited some friends over for dinner. She moved into her first apartment two months ago, so she decided to have some friends over to celebrate and show off her new place. She also started a new job not long ago. Some of the people that she invited over were from work.

Patty didn't have all the ingredients for the dinner that she planned, so she made a list and then she went shopping at the local grocery store. She never used to go grocery shopping when she lived at home with her parents, but now she has to do everything for herself.

She bought fresh tomatoes, basil, lettuce, broccoli, green peppers, red peppers, some pasta, salad dressing, some olives, and several pounds of chicken. She also bought a few bottles of wine and some beer. For her guests who don't drink alcohol, she bought some non-alcoholic drinks.

For an appetizer, she made bruschetta. Bruschetta is an Italian recipe. To make it, you start with toasted pieces of French bread brushed with garlic and olive oil. The bread is then topped with a slice of tomato, fresh mozzarella cheese, and basil.

For the main course, Patty roasted some chicken and some potatoes. She also made a pasta salad because some of her guests were vegetarians and don't eat any kind of animal meat.

There were 20 people at her party. It was hard to plan and prepare for such a large group, but everyone had a nice time and loved the food. Most of Patty's guests brought her a house-warming gift, some wine, or some flowers. One of her friends brought five apple pies, so after dinner they had the pie for dessert.

Patty's party was a great success!

How much do you remember from the reading ? Fill in the blanks.

1: Patty invited some friends over for dinner.
2: She made a list before she went shopping.
3: She never used to go grocery shopping when she lived at home with her parents.
4: Patty bought a lot of food at the store.
5: She roasted a chicken and some potatoes.
6: Most of her guests brought her something when they arrived.
7: Everyone had a good time.

RL10 a lot / some / any¶

These words are used with count and noncount nouns

a lot of = many or much

There is a lot of traffic on one side of the street.

There are a lot of cars on one side of the street.

A lot of traffic = many cars

not a lot of = not many or not much

There isn't a lot of traffic on the other side.

There are some cars but not very many.

(some = a relatively small amount but "some" is not easy to quantify or equate to a particular number.)

There were a lot of people at the beach yesterday.

There aren't a lot of people at the beach today.

There aren't many people at the beach today. There are some but not many.

Use "any" with negatives and questions.

There isn't any traffic in the street.

There aren't any cars. (not any = 0)

Do you see any people?

A lot, some, and any are used with indefinite amounts:

Example:

Q: How many students are there in the classroom:
A: There are a lot. (This is a large number). Or....
A: There are some students. (This is a small number but the number is not known.) Or....
A: There aren't any students. (This is zero or a very, very small number and the number is not known.)

From the video:

The word "some" is very popular in English. It goes before a noun.

Some / Any:

count nouns	noncount nouns
He has `some` good ideas.	He has `some` water.
He doesn't have `any` good ideas. (When using a negative, change "some" to "any", not + any = zero.)	He doesn't have `any` water.
He doesn't have `many` good ideas.	He doesn't have `much` water. (To show a small amount use "not" + "much".)
He doesn't have `a lot of` good ideas.	He doesn't have `a lot of` water.

Red Level Quiz #9 - Any & Some¶

Part A.
Directions: Fill in the blank with "any" or "some" (10 points)

She doesn't have any time today.
I bought some oranges.
There's some milk in the refrigerator if you want some.
There's never any money in my wallet.
Do you have some eggs?
I need to get some new shoes.
They would love to have some more children.
Did you see any clothes that you wanted to buy?
There aren't any good stores at that mall.
Mary can't find any earrings to wear.

Part B.
Directions: Change these sentences to the negative. (10 points)

She has some bananas.
She doesn't have any bananas.
I want some pizza.
I don't want any pizza.
He bought some groceries.
He didn't buy any groceries.
We wanted some water.
We didn't want any water.
The students learned some English.
The students didn't learn any English.

Part C.
Directions: Write sentences or questions using "any" or " some. (10 points)

There aren't any books.
Did you find some water?
Is there any body?
I bought some apples.
There are some oranges.
Would you like some coffee.
I saw some people in that street.
This isn't any one.
We had some money.
Can I get any one?

Reading Time : Raccoons are common throughout North America¶

Vocabulary:
abandoned: people were in a location, but then they left it.
hollow: empty
tasty: delicious
lid: cover; top

Raccoons are common throughout North America. They live in urban, rural, and suburban areas. They make their homes in old, hollow trees, or they live inside burrows, which are holes dug into the ground. Sometimes they try to make themselves at home in abandoned buildings, and they might even try to get inside your house when it's cold during the winter.

Raccoons are very intelligent animals. They're good at finding food, and they adapt well to their environment. They know that when people put garbage outside of their homes, there's probably some tasty food inside the garbage cans. In areas populated by both raccoons and people, it's a good idea to have a trash can that has a strong lid* and doesn't tip over. These fury little creatures are very determined to feed themselves and their families.

Raccoons are cute as babies. In fact, some people try to keep them as pets. But when they get older, they can become quite large and very destructive. That's one reason why it's not a good idea to keep a raccoon as a pet.

Raccoons are nocturnal animals. That means they are most active at night. The mother raccoon travels with her babies as they go out looking for food. Unfortunately, they sometimes walk onto highways where they are hit by cars and trucks. It's very common to see dead raccoons by the side of the road if you do a lot of traveling on highways in the United States.

How much do you remember from the reading ? Fill in the blanks.

Raccoons are often found inside abandoned buildings. What does the word "abandoned" mean?
It means there haven't any people.
Raccoons are nocturnal animals. When are they most active?
Raccoons are most active at night.
Raccoons are cute when they are babies.
When they get older, they can be very destructive.
It's not a good idea to keep a Raccoon as a pet.

RL11 The future tense¶

The Future Tense - Will

singular	plural
I will -> I'll	We will -> We'll
You will -> You'll	You will -> You'll
He will -> He'll
She will -> She'll	They will -> They'll
It will -> It'll

examples:

I'll go to class tomorrow and teach English. (I'll go = I will go)
You'll go to class tomorrow and learn English.
He'll go to a movie in the afternoon, and he'll eat a lot of popcorn.
She'll come to class.
It will probably snow this week. It'll probably snow this week.
We'll both be in school tomorrow.
You'll be there, too!
They'll play in the snow after school is over.

Another way to make the future tense is by using "(be) going to."

I will see my friends on the weekend.
I am going to see my friends on the weekend.

The meaning is the same in both sentences, but the "going to" future is often preferred because it sounds a little more relaxed and conversational.

Practice the "going to" future in the next lesson.

negatives:

will + not = won't

forming questions:

Will .... ?

Will I drive ?

Will You drive ?

helping verb + subject + main verb(simple form)

Will you drive to the airport ? Yes, I will / No, I won't
When will you drive to the airport ? Asking for information about time.

Reading Time : This is Luke and Sandra's baby¶

Vocabulary:
check: to look at something; to monitor
giggle: a type of laugh
squeeze: to hold something tightly
squeaking: a description of a sound with a high pitch
stuffed: use this word to describe something that has material inside of it. Children have a lot of stuffed animals.

This is Luke and Sandra's baby. His name is Brandon. He's eight months old. He has beautiful blue eyes and a big smile.

Right now Brandon is up from his morning nap. He takes two naps during the day--one in the morning and one in the afternoon. When he wakes up from his nap, his mother or father checks his diaper to see if it needs to be changed. Then they give him something to drink.

Brandon loves to play with his stuffed animals. The one that he's holding is a white bear. It's his favorite toy. He laughs and giggles when he squeezes the bear. It makes a squeaking sound.

How much do you remember from the reading ? Fill in the blanks.

Brandon is eight months old.
He takes two naps during the day.
When he wakes up from his nap, someone check his diaper.
What is Brandon's favorite toy?
It's a white bear.
What kind of a sound does the toy make?
It makes a squeaking sound.

RL12 The future tense 'going to'¶

The simple form of the verb comes after "to"

Singular	Plural
I am going to	We are going to
You are going to	You are going to
He is going to
She is going to	They are going to
It is going to

contractions + main verb:

Singular	Plural
I'm going to	We're going to
You're going to	You're going to
He's going to
She's going to	They're going to
It's going to

Remember: The simple form of the verb comes after "to."

examples:

I'm going to go to class tomorrow and teach English.
You're going to go to class tomorrow and learn English.
He's going to go to a movie in the afternoon, and he's going to eat a lot of popcorn.
She's going to walk to class.
It's probably going to snow this week.
We're both going to be in school tomorrow.
You're going to be there, too!
They're going to play in the snow after school is over.

Red Level Quiz #11 - The Future Tense¶

Part A.
Directions: Change the verb from the present tense to the future tense using "will." (10 points)

She's in New York today.

She will in New York tomorrow, too.
They're at home.

They will at home this weekend.
He does his homework every night.

He will do his homework tonight after dinner.
I really like this movie.

My friends will probably like this movie, too.
Is there enough time to finish this assignment?

Will there be enough time to finish this assignment?
You don't see any snow in Florida.

You won't see any snow in Florida.
Maria goes to a really good school.

Maria will go to a good school next year also.
Where's the party?

Where will the party be?
How much does a plane ticket cost?

How much will a plane ticket cost?
He has a good time when he goes on vacation.

He will have a good time on his next vacation.

Part B.
Directions: Change the verb from the past tense to the "going to" future tense. (10 points)

We were at church on Sunday.

We are going to at church next Sunday, too.
They went to a museum yesterday.

They are going to go to the zoo, tomorrow.
Roger didn't do his laundry yet.

Roger isn't going to do it today either.
What did they have for breakfast?

What Are they going to have for lunch?
How many people were there?

How many people are there going to be?
Was there a good movie showing?

Is there going to be a good movie showing?
Everyone had a good time.

Everyone is going to have a good time.
Boris helped me fix my car.

Boris is going to help me fix my computer, too.
She wasn't on time for class yesterday.

She probably isn't going to be on time today.
Shukri did well on her test.

She is probably going to do well in college.

It's fun to drive a go-kart¶

Vocabulary:
bumpy: not smooth; rough;
maneuver: to move; to go in a particular direction
helmet: a hard hat that provides complete protection for the head in case of an accident.
windshield: the front window in a car that protects drivers and passengers from wind.

It's fun to drive a go-kart. All you need to do is to step on the gas and off you go. The steering wheel helps to maneuver the vehicle, and a foot brake helps to stop it. It's very easy to drive.

Number 13 is Frank's go-kart. He built it himself. He and other people whose hobby it is to build and race go-karts meet at this track on the weekends. Almost all of the people who compete do it for fun, but some members of the racing association he belongs to are serious about winning when they race.

Gas-powered go-karts can reach speeds of up to 30 miles per hour. It might feel much faster than that when you ride in one because go-karts are low to the ground, and the ride is a little bumpy. There's also no windshield. It's not at all like driving a car.

Frank always wears a helmet on his head and other protection for his body when he competes. He wears long-sleeved shirts and long pants. He has never crashed, but he wants to be prepared in case he does.

How much do you remember from the reading ? Fill in the blanks.

The steering wheel helps you maneuver a go-kart.
Frank built his go-kart himself.
He wears a helmet to protect his head.
He has never crashed.

RL13 Like¶

The word "like" gets special attention in this level because it's a popular word in English. Understanding how to use "like" is important.

"Like" expresses your happiness with something or someone:
I like this ice cream. / I like my neighbors.
"Like" is used to make comparisons and to ask questions about people and things:
Question: What is it like to live in Minnesota in January?
Answer: It's like living in Siberia.
Question: Why is he like that?
Answer: I don't know. He's just naturally a mean person.
A cantaloupe is like a honeydew melon.
A honeydew melon tastes kind of like a cantaloupe.
"Like" is often used with "would" as a polite way of asking what a person wants. You often hear this in restaurants:
Question: What would you like to have for lunch?
Answer: I'd like a veggie sub, french fries, and a coke. (note the use of the contraction: I'd like = I would like.)
"How do you like..." is used to ask if someone likes something. It's very similar to "Do you like _?"
Question: How do you like living in this city?
Answer: It's great. I really like it.
Question: How do you like your pizza?
Answer: It's awesome!
"Like" sometimes doesn't mean anything at all. Americans use it in the same way they use "you know" and "uuhhhh...." (Try to avoid doing this when you speak English.) It's a bad habit. Teenagers use this "like" a lot.
That movie was, like, so good.
I was, like, really mad at my teacher because he gave me a bad grade, and he was, like, "Here. you earned this."

Warning : "I like." The verb should have an object somewhere after it. (The exception is example #5.)

Question: Do you like this car?
Answer: ~~Yes, I like.~~ (incorrect!)
Answer: Yes, I like it. (correct!) Or...I like this car.

Reading time: "Look! There's a jukebox!"¶

"Look! There's a jukebox!" said Donna. She got up from the restaurant table she was sitting at with her friends and went over to take a look at a large, old jukebox from the 1950s. Inside the wooden cabinet she could see a stack of 45 rpm vinyl records. Surrounding the front of the jukebox were orange and yellow lights.

Donna's friend, Bill, suddenly became interested. "Does it work?" he asked.

"Well, there's only one way to find out." said Donna. "Do you have any change? It looks like it takes quarters."

Bill reached into his pocket for some change and pulled out a quarter. He put the coin into the slot that said, "Quarters only." They could hear it drop down into the machine.

"We get two songs for a quarter. I'll pick one and you can pick one. What do you want to hear? asked Bill.

"Is Elvis Presley on here?" Donna looked through the list of songs and said, "Elvis Presley. 'Love Me Tender'."

"Okay," said Bill. "And I want to hear 'Satisfaction' by the Rolling Stones."

Bill pushed the buttons for each song. They could hear some kind of movement inside the machine, and soon "Love Me Tender" was playing inside the restaurant. Everyone was happy with this choice.

How much do you remember from the reading? full in the blanks.

1A: What kind of a machine did Donna find?
1B: She found a jukebox .
2A: What does it do?
2B: It plays music.
3A: How much money did Bill put into the machine?
3B: He put in twenty-five cents.
4A: How many songs did they choose?
4B: They chose two songs.
5A: What song did Donna choose?
5B: She chose 'Love Me Tender'.

最后更新: 2023年2月23日
创建日期: 2023年2月23日